The purpose of this paper is to empirically analyze the regional cultural differencesbetween India and China. The factors determining cultural differences across nations were selected from previous studies and were then applied to China and India. The results show that among the determining factors, economic development factors had greater effect than climate did on cultural differences across and within nations. Shandong province in China scored higher than Jilin on individualism. In addition, the cross-regional cultural difference between Shandong and Jilin within China was greater than the cross-national cultural differences between China (Shandong) and Korea. In the case of India, the Delhi area scored higher on individualism than the Kashmir area. The regional cultural difference between Delhi and Kashmir was greater than the cross-national cultural difference between India (Kashmir) and Pakistan. To summarize, our study shows that regional cultural differences within a country could be greater than cultural differences between countries.