중남미

Earth’s climate is warming as a result of anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2) from fossil fuel combustion. Anthropogenic emissions of non-CO2 greenhouse gases, such as methane(CH4)also contribute significantly to warming. Global warming potential of methane have 21 time higher than CO2, so reducing methane emission offers an additional opportunity to lessen future climate change. Although it is clear that sustainable reducing the warming influence of greenhouse gases will be possible only with substantial cuts in emissions of CO2, reducing non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions would be a relatively quick way of contributing to this goal. The latest analysis of observations from the WMO Global Atmosphere Watch Programme shows that the globally averaged concentration of CO2, CH4 reached new highs in 2009, with CO2 at 386.3 ppm, CH4 at 1803 ppb. These values are greater than those in pre-industrial times (before 1750) by 38%, 158% respectively. It is revealed in this study that annual averaged concentration of CO2 in South America is 2 ppm lower than globally averaged concentration, particularly 50 ppb lower in case of CH4. Also, it can be confirmed in this study that South America is very valuable regions for understanding the scientific phenomena in globally climate change. To collect the more certainty data and analyse the physicochemical processes, the greenhouse gases in South America should be monitored continually through WMO GAW Programme and ESRL Carbon Tracker 2010. It is recommended that the comprehensive reduction policy to greenhouse gases in South America Union will be established rather than the individual nation in cooperation with UNFCCC IPCC. Also, it is desirable to construct the Korea-South America Green Partnership in order to keep the close relationship and copy with climate change between both regions.