The purpose of this study is to review on the long-term conflict between India and Pakistan(1947-2000). The core question is: what creates and prolongs the India and Pakistan conflict. Four wars and two international crises between India and Pakistan were studied as cases: Kashmir War I(1947-8), Kashmir War II(1965), Bangladesh War(1971), International Conflict I(1987), International Conflict II(1990), and the Kargil War(1999). The researcher provided a conceptual framework. Key variables were selected. National interest and identity are the independent variables. The dependent variable is long term conflict in which behavioral patterns are characterized by a series of war and crises and accommodation failures. The decision-making process was defined as an intervening variable. Related eight propositions on each variable are presented.