중남미

The main purpose of this study is to introduce the transitional justice and exhumations of Latin America. Most of the features of the exhumations in Latin America are that exhumations were conducted by special scientific excavation teams. Many countries in Latin America have special excavating team; for example EAAF in Argentina, EPAF in Peru, FAFG in Guatemala. They excavated human bones which relate to genocide or disappearance, and found important materials that make solve the problems of past. It were the first exhumations which conducted by scientific methods in the world. This essay also reviews three different exhumation cases in Latin America, Argentina, El Salvador, and Guatemala. Three cases have their own special meaning. In Argentina, approximately 500 people disappeared in 1975, shortly before the beginning of a new military dictatorship. EAAF started working on recovering the remains of disappeared persons in 1984, and has been able to find approximately 1,000 remains. EAAF have also started exhumation since 1992 in El Salvador. EAAF has been able to find approximately 150 remains in El Mozote, El Salvador. In Guatemala, an estimated 200,000 people disappeared from 1960 to 1996, and approximately 600 rural indigenous villages were annihilated in large scale massacres. FAFG began excavating in 1992, and have been recovered 4,424 remains. In these countries, human bones excavated by special teams were used in the trails against the junta members and other high ranking officers.