A recent World Bank Group (WBG) study of road safety investment in South Asia revealed a crisis that has been exacerbated by the rapid growth in vehicle ownership and diversity of motorized and nonmotorized traffic of varying sizes and speeds, without adequate protection for the most vulnerable. As vehicle ownership grows in Nepal, road crashes will continue to steadily climb, unless urgently required measures are implemented. Nepal has a National Road Safety Strategy and Road Safety Action Plan based on the five pillars of the United Nations Global Plan for the Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011-2020: road safety management; safer roads and mobility; safer vehicles; safer road users; and post-crash response. However, only limited progress has been made on addressing these pillars and consequently Nepal is facing serious road safety challenges. Improving road safety in Nepal is vital to national health, well-being, and economic growth. As evidenced in analytical work undertaken by the WBG with funding from Bloomberg Philanthropies, sharply reducing the number of crash fatalities and injuries over time will enable countries like Nepal to achieve substantial increases in economic growth and national income, while simultaneously achieving large population welfare gains. This underscores the economic losses associated with inaction.