Cotton one of the important Cotton is grown in more than 100 countries and it is estimated that the crop is planted on about 2.5 per cent of the world’s arable (cultivable) land. Cotton is also a heavily traded agricultural commodity with over 150 countries involved in exports or imports of cotton and more than 100 million family units are engaged directly in cotton production in the World. The present paper analyzes the growth and instability in cotton area, production and productivity during the different periods since 1970-71 to 2013-14 in the World and India.