Bhutan is a South Asian country with a total population of 733,643. Bhutan has a very low burden of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), while that of type 2 diabetes mellitus is very high and increasing at alarming rates. Bhutan has a notably high proportion of over-weight and obese population. First case of T1DM was detected in 2006 and all the detected patients are in the age range of 14-15 years. The challenges in T1DM management include lack of knowledge among health care workers and patients, and limited access to health care services because of the difficult terrain.