연구정보
[정책] The Trajectory of Universal Social Pensions in Nepal
네팔 국외연구자료 연구보고서 - Springer Link 발간일 : 2021-12-15 등록일 : 2022-04-20 원문링크
Nepal was the first country in South Asia to introduce an old-age allowance (OAA), in 1995, as a right for all senior citizens. Initially with a very low benefit amount and a very high eligibility age, it has gradually improved over the past 25 years. It is a component of a broader social protection program, with a wide range of social assistance transfers. When assessing the OOA in terms of objective criteria, it does not meet its objectives, notably in terms of the monetary value of the benefit. Conversely, in terms of subjective assessment, many seniors find that the OOA gives them both a basic income and some social prestige. Overall, Nepal is remarkable as an earlier mover on a right to social protection, difficult – and especially necessary – regarding the country’s high levels of income poverty, food insecurity, and employment informality. However, the OAA’s minimal share in the fiscal budget and in GDP more generally means that it risks plastering over the social cleavages, and creating a fake buy-in. It needs to be substantially upgraded – both in terms of benefit amount and eligibility – and integrated into a systemic approach to social policy overall. If so, it can be an anchor in the fight for social progress and socioeconomic justice.
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