The paper deals with sex ratio, which is demolished after surpassing the ratio of 105 boys per 100 girls. This ratio has long been typical of India and China, South Korea and Vietnam, and recently also for the countries of the Caucasus, Albania and several countries of the former Yugoslavia (Kosovo, North-West Macedonia, Montenegro). Drastic changes in the demographic balance between the sexes, which call for regulatory intervention, began in the eighties with the onset of prenatal diagnostic technology, amniocentesis and ultrasound in the countries with a strong patriarchal tradition, in which sons are more desirable than daughters, and the decline of fertility rate.