아프리카ㆍ중동

This dissertation which consists of 5 chapters including the introduction and conclusion, analysis the emancipation and social participation of women in the Middle East with the focus on the historical trace. The objective of this dissertation is to explore the emancipation and social participation of women and acknowledging that higher status of women can be achieved through their share in education, economic life and political participation. Islam, which this thesis concentrates upon, will provide a fair evaluation of what Islam contributed toward the restoration of woman's dignity and rights in the Middle Eastern societies. This research will stress a theme within the general view and analysis on historical and social status of women within the historical trace to the advent of Islam and in the meantime, a comparative study of the women's status under different social systems. In short, this discussion adduce how Islam emancipated women and gave rights to them both in the past and present and this will enable the reader to appreciate the great serious rendered by Islam in raising women's status legally and socially. This research insisted and asserted that the Holy Quran at that time of its revelation took a long step towards improving the condition of women and restoring their human rights. The Quran revived the rights of women as a human being and a man's partner in humanity, introducing Fatimah and her special role. Viewed historically, it is evident that Islam draws on many sources of belief and practice. It is, of course, futile to attempt an acceptable universal definition of the beliefs and practices of any living religion, and Islam, like all religions that claim universal validity, is best viewed as an ongoing, ever changing, living tradition. The Sassanian rulers of Persia, the last of the non-Muslim dynasties, had adopted Zoroastrianism as the national religion. It remained so for about 1000 years, until the Persian defeat by the Muslim Arabs. Based on historical perspective and with the Arab Islamic conquest of Persia, and the Iranian contribution to Islam, it is important to understand the relevant aspects of the Safavid conversion to Shia Islam that marks a new era in the Persian history and the establishment for the first time in may centuries, a unified dynastic state. The Safavids brought certain important new features and Shiism brought a second important feature, and that is differentiation from all the neighbors. By means, the gradual and important facts and process of women's core features and social participation in the Middle East with variations has been discussed and the last part contains the Arab Spring and the new awakening among the related countries and describing women in the Islamic world and demonstrating how truly different these views are, and proposing the idea and how each can be used as a tool to promote reform and gradual and slow change in Iran and the Middle East.
It has been proven that when a society's women are well educated and prosperous, the society as a whole only stands to gain. The common themes is that muslim women have made some progress but still face hurdles for more progress to empowerment and social participation.
The subject of women's empowerment and social activity is a large one to be written briefly and it is a challenge neither in Iran nor in the MENA region. Women are conscious of their power and potential and are overcoming the social suppression that in many different ways has been imposed upon them through the centuries. With understanding that education is an essential tool in growth and empowerment women are trying to promote their positions in the society through high education.